Overlap
A positional fault at the moment the server contacts the ball. Each front-row player must be closer to the net than the corresponding back-row player, and left-to-right order within each row must match the rotation sheet. The rule is only checked at the instant of serve contact—after that, players can move freely.
Example
The setter edges up early, is even with the front-row player, contact happens, R2 whistles the overlap. Free point.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do you avoid overlapping in volleyball?
Stack in your receive lines the way the coach drew them, take a half step back if you are not sure, then fly after the serve. If you can see the server, you can still be wrong, so teach your foot order on film, not vibes.
When are overlaps checked in volleyball?
Only at contact. That is why hitters can crash to the pin a millisecond after the whistle, but not a millisecond before.